Class Actions across various jurisdictions

The modern economy, based on an international network of producers and global sales of goods and services, increases the risk of harm to a large number of contractors, especially consumers. The COVID-19 pandemic has shown that administrative decisions can give rise to claims by a large number of businesses, such as gym operators. In many European countries, laws have come into force that allow class actions: on the one hand, we have a large number of plaintiffs, and on the other hand, the defendant, which can be another entrepreneur or a public authority. Below, we will describe the specific or general rules for class actions in various European jurisdictions.